Tuesday, August 23, 2005

Heidegger and Heisenberg: Is alethia another word for quantum theory?

The Germans. They might be the most intelligent race in the history of the world, or at least were up until the second world war. Case in point: Werner Heisenberg and Martin Heidegger. One is the leader of the quantum revolution with his matrix mechanics and uncertainty principle, while the other is one of the greatest philosophers of all time. Both totally challenged our thoughts about reality and both need tons of work in fully understanding the significance of their thoughts. Let me just scratch the surface with a juxtaposition of two related ideas of these two men.

Martin Heidegger, author of Being and Time changed the way Continental philosophy works by his concept of truth and being. Basically as I read him, his claim is that philosophy from Aristotle (and maybe Plato) onward has made a huge mistake: it has focused on beings rather than Being. What does that mean? Heidegger said we are all involved in a "forgetfulness of being", that we don't really understand reality because we look at beings (like hammers, forks, etc.) rather than Being (that thing which is undergirding reality). He calls this Being Dasein (lit. "there being"). Crazy. Heidegger maintains that Being is not something immediately available, but rather Being is about prescence and "disclosedness." Heidegger uses the Greek word alethia to describe reality - a reality that is as much about unveiling as veiling, unconcealing as concealing. Reality is mediated to us by Being, everytime we examine reality some things are disclosed to us (made manifest) but other things are not (hiddeness). If we focus just on the beings themselves (the hammer itself) we are only seeing part of the show - the disclosed part. But Heidegger says truth and reality are far more complicated, there is so much undisclosed or hidden, which gives as much meaning to reality as what is disclosed. Reality might be seen like a vending machine. Heidegger says that most of our thinking has been focused on the individual candy bars (different as they may be) themselves, whereas there is a mechanism that is "revealing" those candy bars: the vending machine itself. Not a perfect illustration, but gets to the point: there is something behind each individual beings, and all thought since Plato has forgot to take into account this Being - the veiling and unveiling of reality.

Now admittingly this doesn't make a whole lot of sense on the outset. It sounds ridiculously crazy and certainly doesn't have the mathematical rigour of analytic philosophy (Russel et al.). Or does it? I think this might be where Heisenberg comes along. Quantum mechanics says something just as ridiculous to the mind in positing the theory of wave function collapse. Example: an electron can be in different energy states in an atom, ground state, first excited state, second excited state, etc. This is high school chemistry. Up until quantum it was thought that if you had the power to examine an atom, we could just look and find which exicted state the electron was in. It has to be in one and only one, right? Okay. Quantum throws a gigantic spanner in the works. Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle states that we can't know exactly which one it is in (its position or velocity independently) but not because our measurement changes one or the other (that is the standard idea - hitting the electron with light will knock it around, changing one or the other) but becase until we look at the atom, the electron is in all energy states at once! It is literally in a number of states, called superposition, until we make a measurement (what that means is a doctroal thesis in itself) and then one of the states (ground state for example) is "acutalized" or "revealed" and the others vanish. This is what physicists have been saying for the past fifty years, even though it doesn't make much sense - and they have experimental evidence to back this craziness up. Reality is a lot more complex than we ever imagined.

So here is the link. Is it possible that this "disclosedness" that Heidegger is talking about is the same "collapsing of the wave function" that Heisenberg is talking about? Does Heisenberg provide Heidegger with the mathematical formalism for alethia and Dasein? Does Heidegger provide Heisenberg with a philosophical framework in which to describe these discoveries? Heisenberg's Physics and Philsophy might be best summed up by "Platonism won" and it seems to me that he Heidegger might give us a glimpse of how that makes sense. Being is more than just individual objects, it is about the Being behind those observations, the "revealing" which is going on. What is this Being? How does it relate to the Christian conception of the Triune God whom reveals Himself and yet hides Himself (cf. Isaiah 45:15)? More to say about that later.

7 Comments:

At 7:10 am, Blogger Mair said...

Hey! I'm a jerk and I didn't read your post b/c I'm short on time today (first day of classes!) BUT, we got your message last night and will call you back asap. Just wanted to let you know.

 
At 9:46 pm, Blogger RJ said...

I also didn't read your post, but I will, and I also got your message like last weekend, and I haven't called you back either, but i will sometime. probably.

 
At 8:14 am, Blogger Justin said...

Hey, I also didn't call you back and I probably won't- but I did read your posta and I liked it.

 
At 8:50 am, Blogger RJ said...

Now I read it. It's good, but I'm a little worried. I can't see any serious flaw in the simplified discussion you're making, and I appreciate it's being simplified, but I always get a little anxious when we start meshing philosophy with physics. Since time immemorial, people have tried to view their psychological and spiritual reality in light of the physical one. Misinterpretation and over-interpretation often lead to disastrous results, such as applying Einstein to justify relativism. So much of philosophy seems more like mathematics than physics - the abstract reasoning about how things might work rather than any substantial tests used to prove one system over another. Philosophy certainly flows with other elements of culture, such as art and science, and often are used as a justification for the movements already present in other disciplines. Yet I wonder: to what degree should our concept of spiritual, philosophical and psychological "being" correspond to the physical one? The concept of "the self" and what it means to "exist" seems so entirely subjective that to say it's being proven part and parcel by physics seems a bold, wild and dangerous leap. Physical reality is certainly uncertain, and the method by which it is perceived often does determine the perception. That this should have any bearing on how we view ourselves and relate in the psychological sense to the rest of the universe is not clear to me.

 
At 7:47 pm, Blogger Unknown said...

Hi i´m new here. I want to ask you, Mr. Gadamer, about the thoughts that the cried Dr. Von Weizsacker make about the relation about quantum mechanics and the Heidegger´s think about possibility, time, phenomena and being. I think that the relation between them is important in at least two points, one external: what is the relation between -in the Koyre´s sense of the unity of thinking-, the conceptual development of QM and the formation of Heidegger´s onto-hermeneutics or viceversa, and, the internal, whatis his relation between that notions of time, being, possibility, method, critic of the theoretic science, etc. and the Quantum mechanics theoretical developments. With regars and respectfully, Juan Manuel.

 
At 6:28 am, Anonymous Giuseppe said...

This is the link to a blog where you all can begin to understand something about Heidegger's Being:

http://giuseppedecesaris.blogspot.com

Best gretings,
Giuseppe

 
At 4:32 am, Anonymous roetje said...

The overarching concept here is Wilber's holon-concept. Of Holons Wilber says they owe a IOU to the cosmos. This menas they are never complete although they strive for completeness. In quantum-particles this expresses itself as the indetermination-princyple of Heisenberg. However also molecules, crystals, living creatures, and our consciousness are holons. And becuase of the IOU princyple they all are always incomplete and striving for completeness they will never reach. However momentariously the holons seem whole. As phenomena they are. It is the disclosed nature of them too that contains the striving part.
Moreover ... The disclosed part is verry similar to Bohm's theory of Implicate order(s). These can also be applied to entities larger than quantum-particles.

 

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